dua tindakan = 两项行动

复述时要保留原话的全部主要动作。题干有“带口哨”和“保存家人号码”两项，不能用颜色或未提到的地点取代。先数清动作，再比较选项。

例子： 若指示含两个动词，复述通常也要清楚表达两个对应行动。

dua tindakan = two actions

A restatement must preserve every main action in the message. The instruction contains one action about a whistle and another about family numbers; colour or an unmentioned place cannot replace either. Count the actions before comparing the choices.

Example: When an instruction has two key verbs, the restatement should express two matching actions clearly.

sebab munasabah = 合理原因

题目要求解释一项安全建议的作用。先想浅色或鲜明衣物怎样影响他人看见你，再排除金钱或“无需观察”这类无关推论。理由必须与建议直接相连。

例子： 穿较容易被看见的衣服，可提高他人注意到你的机会，但仍需保持警觉。

sebab munasabah = reasonable reason

Explain the practical effect of the safety guidance. Consider how bright clothing changes visibility to other people, then reject claims about price or no longer needing awareness. The reason must connect directly to the advice.

Example: More visible clothing can help others notice you, while personal awareness is still necessary.

rangka karangan = 文章提纲

提纲要让内容围绕同一主题并按自然顺序发展。先建立情境，再排列安全步骤，交代结果，最后总结。跳到无关主题或打乱关键次序，会破坏连贯。

例子： 写紧急处理经历时，可由发现问题开始，依序写行动，最后说明安全结果。

rangka karangan = composition outline

An outline should keep one topic and develop it in a natural order. Establish the situation, arrange the safety steps, state the result, and close the account. An unrelated topic or reversed critical sequence breaks coherence.

Example: For an emergency account, begin with noticing the problem, present actions in order, and end with the safe outcome.

nada amaran = 警示语调

警示诗句需要清楚、坚定，让听者注意风险，但不必大喊。根据标点停顿，并在“路滑”等关键词稍加重音。笑声或听不见的低语都会削弱信息。

例子： 在风险词前后适当停顿，可让提醒更容易被听懂。

nada amaran = warning tone

A warning poem needs a clear and firm delivery so listeners notice the risk, but it does not require shouting. Pause with punctuation and gently stress the key danger. Laughter or an inaudible whisper would weaken the message.

Example: A short pause around the danger phrase helps the audience understand the warning.

akhiran = 后缀

后缀位于词根之后。先找可能的词根，再观察词尾是否添加了 -i、-kan 或 -an 等形式。题目只要求辨认后缀词，不应因为其他词也有词缀就混淆。

例子： patuh 加上 -i 成为 patuhi；判断时应分开词根和后缀。

akhiran = suffix

A suffix appears after the root. Identify the possible root, then check whether an ending such as “-i,” “-kan,” or “-an” has been added. Other words may also be affixed, so focus on the position requested by the item.

Example: “Patuh” takes the suffix “-i” to form “patuhi”; separating root and ending reveals the pattern.

kata berimbuhan = 加词缀的词

同一个词根加上不同词缀，词性和用法就不同：加 meN-...-kan 变成动词，可以接宾语；加 -an 变成名词，不能直接当动词用。先找出句子缺的是动作还是名称，再选合适的形式，最后检查整句是否完整。

例子： Bomba menyelamatkan mangsa.（动词）· Bomba ialah penyelamat.（名词，指人）.

kata berimbuhan = affixed word

The same root takes different affixes for different roles: meN-...-kan forms a verb that can take an object, while -an forms a noun that cannot act as a verb. Decide whether the sentence needs an action or a name, choose the matching form, and check that the whole sentence is complete.

Example: Bomba menyelamatkan mangsa uses a verb, while Bomba ialah penyelamat uses a noun for the person.

penjodoh bilangan = 量词

马来文的雨伞有自己固定的量词，和笔、纸用的不一样。sebatang 用于长条形的东西，sekeping 用于薄而平的东西。记量词时最好连名词一起背，例如 sebuah topi keledar、sehelai baju。考试常把形状相近的量词放在一起，要先想清楚物品的样子，再做选择。

例子： sebuah topi keledar（一顶头盔）· sehelai jaket（一件外套）.

penjodoh bilangan = classifier

An umbrella takes its own fixed classifier in Malay, different from the ones used for pens or paper. One option is used for long objects and another for thin, flat objects. Learn each classifier together with its noun, for example sebuah topi keledar and sehelai baju.

Example: Sebuah topi keledar and sehelai jaket show classifiers learnt together with their nouns.

kata seerti = 同义词

把选项代入原句：爸爸出门前确认所有窗户都锁好了。意思不变的那个才是同义词。melupakan 是忘记，membuka 是打开，代入后意思完全相反或改变。做同义词题时，先用自己的话说出原句意思，再逐一代入选项比较。

例子： Guru menyemak jawapan → Guru memeriksa jawapan：意思相同。

kata seerti = synonym

Substitute each option into the sentence: the father makes sure every window is locked before leaving. Only a word that keeps this meaning is a synonym. The other options mean to forget and to open, which change or reverse the meaning.

Example: Guru menyemak jawapan and Guru memeriksa jawapan mean the same.

Unit 9 练习复盘 = ulang kaji Unit 9

练习后检查复述是否保留每项动作，解释是否把材料指示与安全作用连接起来。文章提纲必须围绕同一主题自然发展；诗歌声音要清楚而不喊叫。词缀题应拆成词根和附加部分，再判断它位于前方或后方。

例子： 把 patuhi 拆成 patuh 加 -i，可看出附加部分在词根之后。

Unit 9 practice review = ulang kaji Unit 9

After practice, check that a restatement preserves every action and that an interpretation links the guidance to its safety effect. Keep an outline on one topic, deliver a warning poem clearly without shouting, and separate root from added letters before classifying a prefix or suffix.

Example: Splitting “patuhi” into “patuh” and “-i” shows that the added part follows the root.