sebut semula = 复述

复述不是逐字背诵，而是保留人物、行动和时间等关键信息。先判断谁在说话，再找出对方要求或劝告的重点，最后用自己的句子说出来。语气也能帮助你分辨这是提醒、请求还是建议。

例子： “哥哥，请在下雨前关窗。”可以复述为“家人请哥哥在下雨前把窗关好”。

sebut semula = restate

Restating does not mean memorising every word. Keep the important person, action, and time, then express the message in your own sentence. The speaker’s tone also helps you decide whether the utterance is a reminder, request, or advice.

Example: “Please close the window before it rains” can be restated as “The family asks the brother to close the window before the rain.”.

tersurat / tersirat = 明示 / 隐含

明示信息可以直接在短文中找到；隐含信息则要根据人物的行动、原因或结果来推断。回答时先引用一个线索，再说明你的推论，这样解释才有根据。不要只凭个人感觉猜测。

例子： 艾娜和弟弟一起排家务表，说明他们愿意合作，让家务更有条理。

tersurat / tersirat = explicit / implied

Explicit information is stated directly, while implied information must be inferred from actions, reasons, or results. Give one clue from the short text before stating your interpretation. This makes the inference supported by evidence instead of being a personal guess.

Example: Aina and her brother prepare a chore schedule, implying that they cooperate to keep household work organised.

tulisan berangkai = 连笔书写

机械书写诗歌的重点是字形清楚、连接一致和版面整齐。抄写时保留原来的分行，并检查大写字母与标点。速度不是首要目标；先确保别人能轻松读懂你的字。

例子： 两行诗要分成两行书写，不应连成一个长句，也不要漏掉句末标点。

tulisan berangkai = cursive writing

Mechanical poetry writing focuses on clear letter forms, consistent joins, and neat spacing. Keep the original line breaks and check capital letters and punctuation. Speed is less important than legibility, because another reader should be able to read every word easily.

Example: Copy two lines of a poem on two separate lines and retain the punctuation at the end.

bandingan semacam / simpulan bahasa = 明喻 / 惯用语

明喻常用 seperti、bagai 或 umpama 把两种事物的特点作比较；惯用语的整体意思不能逐字解释。lapang dada 表示宽心或坦然接受，jejak bara 表示事情几乎不能成功，seperti bulan jatuh ke riba 带有比喻词 seperti，属于 perumpamaan，表示意外得到好处。选择时要把词义放回完整语境。做题时，先看有没有 seperti 等比喻词，再决定它属于哪一类熟语，最后把意思放回句子里检查是否通顺。

例子： “cantik seperti bidadari”以“如仙女般美丽”作比较；“lapang dada”不能解释成胸口宽阔。

bandingan semacam / simpulan bahasa = simile / idiomatic expression

A simile uses words such as seperti, bagai, or umpama to compare qualities. A simpulan bahasa has a fixed figurative meaning: lapang dada means relieved or accepting, and jejak bara suggests an effort that nearly fails. Seperti bulan jatuh ke riba uses seperti, so it is a perumpamaan meaning an unexpected benefit. Test each expression in its whole context.

Example: “Cantik seperti bidadari” makes a comparison, while “lapang dada” must not be interpreted word by word.

kata nama = 名词

普通名词指一般人物或事物，专有名词指特定名称；代词用来代替已经知道的人物名称。量词则要配合物品的形状或类别。专有名词的首字母要大写，代词也要符合说话对象。

例子： “Encik Ravi”是专有名词，“beliau”可代替他的名字，“sehelai selimut”使用合适量词。

kata nama = noun

A common noun names a general person or thing, while a proper noun identifies a specific name. A pronoun replaces a known name, and a classifier must match the object’s form or type. Proper nouns begin with capital letters, and pronouns must suit the person being referred to.

Example: “Encik Ravi” is a proper noun, “beliau” replaces the name, and “sehelai selimut” uses an appropriate classifier.

perenggan = 段落

短段落写作通常给一个思维导图，要求写成大约五十个词的一段。先写一句主题句点出题目，再把导图里的两三个要点各扩写成完整句子，用 Selain itu、Oleh itu 等连接词串起来，最后用一句话总结。只把要点词语排列出来，不能算一个段落。

例子： 导图写着 mengeratkan hubungan 和 gembira，就各写成一个完整句子，再加上开头句和结尾句。

perenggan = paragraph

In the short-paragraph task, a mind map gives two or three points and you write about fifty words. Begin with a topic sentence, expand each point into a complete sentence, link the sentences with discourse markers such as Selain itu and Oleh itu, and finish with a concluding sentence. A list of keywords is not a paragraph.

Example: If the map shows mengeratkan hubungan and gembira, write each as a full sentence and add an opening and a closing line.

pesanan = 嘱咐

题目要你保留原话的关键信息来复述，不需要猜测额外行动。先找人物、动作、数量和地点，再比较每个选项是否全部吻合。选择不会增添或删去重要信息的一项。

例子： 原话提到“两个盘子”和“桌上”，复述时这两个重点都必须保留。

pesanan = message

The question asks you to restate the message without adding a new action. Identify the person, action, quantity, and place, then compare all options. Choose the sentence that keeps every important detail and does not introduce information that was never spoken.

Example: If the utterance mentions “two plates” and “on the table,” both details must remain in the restatement.

rumusan ujaran = 复述总结

完成第一单元后，你应能保留人物、行动、数量和时间来准确复述。阅读时要用线索区分明示与隐含信息，写诗时注意连笔与分行，口语表达保持礼貌，名词和量词也必须配合。

例子： 复述“整理两本书”时，人物、动作与“两本”的数量都不能遗漏。

rumusan ujaran = restatement summary

After Unit 1, you should preserve the person, action, quantity, and time when restating an utterance. Use textual clues to separate explicit and implied meaning, keep cursive poetry neat, speak courteously, and match nouns with suitable classifiers.

Example: When restating an instruction to arrange two books, retain the person, action, and quantity.