Sekolah Berintegriti Murid Cemerlang
Sekolah yang berintegriti membuat keputusan berdasarkan maklumat, berlaku adil dan menggunakan bahasa yang santun. Kita akan merumus perbincangan, merujuk kamus, memberikan cadangan, bercerita dengan peribahasa serta memahami kata ganda penuh dan separa.
sekolah berintegriti = 诚信校园
诚信校园以公平、责任和透明方式处理学习与活动。学生需要先整理资料，再作有理由的决定，并以礼貌语言讨论不同意见。查词、建议和故事活动帮助我们把诚信原则转化为准确表达。
例子： 小组选择学习计划时，可先总结大家的需要，再按效果、时间和公平三项准则作决定。
school with integrity = sekolah berintegriti
A school with integrity handles learning and activities through fairness, responsibility, and transparency. Students should organise information before making a reasoned decision and discuss differences courteously. Reference, suggestion, and storytelling skills turn integrity principles into accurate communication.
Example: When choosing a study plan, summarise the group’s needs and decide by comparing effectiveness, time, and fairness.
Buat Rumusan dan Keputusan
Kumpulkan jawapan penting, cari persamaan dan ringkaskan idea utama. Selepas itu, bandingkan pilihan mengikut kriteria sebelum menyatakan keputusan serta alasannya.
rumusan / keputusan = 总结 / 决定
总结综合讨论中的主要资料，决定则在比较选项后选择行动。先确定共同需要，再设下相关准则，例如效果、时间和公平；最后说明为何所选方案最符合准则。个人喜好不能代替依据。
例子： 若学生需要固定练习与反馈，可比较几个方案后，选择每周学习诊所并说明监督进度的优势。
summary / decision = rumusan / keputusan
A summary combines the main information from a discussion, while a decision selects an action after comparing options. Identify the shared need, set relevant criteria such as effectiveness, time, and fairness, and explain why the chosen plan fits them. Personal preference alone is not evidence.
Example: If students need regular practice and feedback, compare the plans and choose a weekly clinic because its schedule and progress can be monitored.
Rujuk Makna, Sebutan dan Penggunaan
Gunakan kamus atau media elektronik yang boleh dipercayai untuk memeriksa makna, sebutan, ejaan dan contoh ayat. Bezakan perkataan yang hampir sama sebelum memilih bentuk yang tepat.
semak perkataan = 核查词语
查词时要同时确认意思、读音、拼写和语境用法，不能只看外形相似。近形词可能来自不同词根或表达不同动作，应比较词典词条和例句。可靠电子资料也要有明确来源。
例子： mengerat 表示切割，mengeratkan 表示使关系更紧密；放进句子后差别会更清楚。
verify a word = semak perkataan
A reference check should cover meaning, pronunciation, spelling, and contextual use rather than visual similarity alone. Similar-looking words may come from different roots or describe different actions, so compare entries and example sentences. Reliable electronic sources should also be identifiable.
Example: “Mengerat” means to cut, whereas “mengeratkan” means to make a relationship closer; a complete sentence reveals the difference.
Jawab dengan Cadangan Kritis dan Kreatif
Kenal pasti masalah, pihak terlibat dan batas masa atau sumber. Berikan cadangan yang khusus, jelaskan cara melaksanakannya dan nyatakan manfaat yang munasabah.
cadangan = 建议
有效建议要直接解决题目中的问题，并考虑对象、时间和资源限制。回答应说明“做什么、怎样做、为什么有用”，而不是只写口号。若有替代方案，也可说明适用条件。
例子： 若学生放学后无法留下，可建议在阅读时段安排短辅导，并提供其余日子的自主练习。
practical suggestion = cadangan
An effective suggestion responds directly to the problem and considers people, time, and resource limits. Explain what should be done, how it can be carried out, and why it may help instead of offering a slogan. An alternative may be added when its conditions are clear.
Example: If students cannot stay after school, propose short support during reading periods and independent materials for the remaining days.
Bercerita dan Berdialog dengan Peribahasa
Susun cerita melalui situasi, cabaran, tindakan dan hasil. Masukkan peribahasa pada tempat yang benar-benar menyokong maksud, lalu ujarkan dialog secara jelas dan santun.
peribahasa dalam dialog = 对话中的谚语
谚语应配合人物正在面对的情境，不能为了装饰而硬塞。先写清挑战和人物目的，再选择能加强合作、努力或责任意义的谚语。对话还要保持礼貌，并推动故事发展。
例子： 小组意见不同准备协商时，可用表示共识来自商议的谚语，然后写他们怎样公平分工。
proverb in dialogue = peribahasa dalam dialog
A proverb should match the situation facing the characters rather than serve as decoration. Establish the challenge and purpose first, then select a proverb that strengthens cooperation, effort, or responsibility. Courteous dialogue should also move the story forward.
Example: When a group is about to resolve different views, use a proverb about agreement through consultation and show how tasks are then shared fairly.
Bezakan Kata Ganda Penuh dan Separa
Kata ganda penuh mengulang seluruh kata dasar, manakala kata ganda separa mengulang sebahagian bentuknya. Kenal pasti kata dasar dan bahagian yang berulang sebelum membina ayat.
kata ganda penuh / separa = 完全 / 部分重叠词
完全重叠词重复整个词根，部分重叠词只重复部分音节并形成规范词形。先还原可能的词根，再比较重复范围；不要因为词里出现相似音节就自行加连字符。标准拼写必须查证。
例子： murid-murid 重复整个 murid；bebola 由 bola 部分重叠形成，并写成一个词。
full / partial reduplication = kata ganda penuh / separa
Full reduplication repeats an entire root, while partial reduplication repeats only part of its form and follows an accepted spelling. Identify the likely root and compare how much is repeated. Similar sounds alone do not justify adding a hyphen, so verify the standard form.
Example: “Murid-murid” repeats all of “murid,” while “bebola” is a joined partial reduplication derived from “bola.”.
Semak Cepat
Perbincangan menunjukkan murid memerlukan latihan tetap, tetapi hanya 30 minit tersedia setiap minggu. Keputusan manakah paling berasas?
keputusan berasas = 有依据的决定
题目提供学习需要和时间限制两项资料。先找能同时回应固定练习与三十分钟限制的方案，再检查是否有办法观察成效。昂贵或完全取消都没有从资料作合理比较。
例子： 可考虑每周短时段聚焦一项技能，并用记录追踪进步，但不在这里指出选项。
evidence-based decision = keputusan berasas
The item gives two facts: students need regular practice, and only thirty minutes are available each week. Look for a plan that respects both constraints and provides a way to observe progress. Costly or cancelled activity does not follow from the information.
Example: A focused weekly short session with a progress record could fit the evidence without revealing the answer position.
Sedia untuk Berlatih
Anda telah melalui lima kemahiran bahasa dan satu semakan kefahaman. Teruskan dengan latihan pengukuhan.
Buka latihan kendiri →诚信校园总结 = rumusan sekolah berintegriti
完成 Unit 14 后，你应能从问答整理重点，以明确准则作决定，并用可靠词典核查词义、读音、拼写和用法。建议要回应实际限制；故事与对话中的谚语必须配合情境；完全重叠词和部分重叠词要从词根比较。
例子： 若同学家中没有网络，可建议印刷材料和学校电脑时段；写合作对话时，再选择真正符合互助情境的谚语。
school integrity summary = rumusan sekolah berintegriti
After Unit 14, you should organise key points from questions and answers, make a decision using clear criteria, and verify meaning, pronunciation, spelling, and use through a reliable reference. Suggestions must address real constraints, proverbs must fit the story situation, and full versus partial reduplication should be compared with the root.
Example: For a learner without home Internet, propose printed materials and scheduled school-computer access, then choose a proverb that genuinely fits cooperation in a dialogue.