pingat keberanian = 勇敢勋章

Tiga situasi menunjukkan cara murid bertindak apabila maruah negara dipersoalkan. Lilong mendengar pelancong berkata bunga kebangsaan Malaysia ialah bunga liar, tetapi dia berpura-pura tidak dengar. Minghui menegur orang yang mengejek loghat wakil negara lain, manakala Haz menjelaskan dengan tenang bahawa kemenangan bergantung pada banyak faktor.

Contoh: Maaf, bunga kebangsaan Malaysia sebenarnya bunga raya, bukan bunga liar.

Awas: Berani bukan bermaksud marah atau menjerit; tegur dengan tenang dan sopan.

courage medal = 勇敢勋章

Three scenes show how pupils respond when their country’s dignity is questioned. Lilong hears a tourist call Malaysia’s national flower a wild flower but pretends not to hear. Minghui steps in when people mock another country’s representative for his accent, and Haz calmly explains that winning depends on many factors.

Example: Excuse me, Malaysia’s national flower is actually the hibiscus, not a wild flower.

Watch out: Courage is not anger or shouting; correct people calmly and politely.

membetulkan salah faham = 澄清误解

Rakan dari luar negara mungkin tidak tahu keadaan sebenar Malaysia. Cara berani dan bijak ialah menerangkan fakta dengan sopan, misalnya berkongsi gambar bandar dan kampung kita. Memaki hamun akan memburukkan imej negara, manakala ikut bergurau seolah-olah bersetuju dengan salah faham itu.

Contoh: Sebenarnya kami tinggal di rumah dan pangsapuri; ini gambar Kota Kinabalu tempat saya tinggal.

Awas: Pertahankan maruah negara dengan fakta, bukan dengan kata-kata kesat.

clearing up a misunderstanding = 澄清误解

A friend overseas may simply not know what Malaysia is really like. The brave and wise response is to explain the facts politely, for instance by sharing photos of our towns and villages. Insults would make the country look worse, and joining the joke seems to agree with the mistake.

Example: Actually we live in houses and flats; here is a photo of Kota Kinabalu where I live.

Watch out: Defend the country with facts, not with rude words.

berani bersuara = 勇敢发声

Shanshan pada mulanya takut menegur pelancong yang menconteng mural dan diejek sebagai penakut. Sebuah anak patung kecil yang dipanggil pahlawan kecil menemaninya ke mana-mana. Di pesta makanan, dia menerangkan bahawa kek hijau diwarnakan dengan jus daun pandan. Kemudian, tanpa anak patung itu, dia tetap melaporkan perbuatan merosakkan mural kepada pemilik kedai.

Contoh: Kek ini berwarna hijau kerana jus daun pandan, bukan pewarna kimia.

Awas: Keberanian sebenar datang daripada diri sendiri, bukan daripada anak patung.

speaking up = 勇敢发声

At first Shanshan is too scared to stop tourists scribbling on a mural, and they laugh at her. A small doll called the little warrior then goes everywhere with her. At a food festival she explains that the green cake gets its colour from pandan juice. Later, without the doll, she still reports the mural damage to the shop owner.

Example: This cake is green because of pandan juice, not chemical colouring.

Watch out: Real courage comes from inside you, not from a doll.

sumber keberanian = 勇气的来源

Pada akhir cerita, Shanshan terlupa membawa anak patung pahlawan kecil, tetapi dia tetap memberitahu pemilik kedai tentang orang yang merosakkan mural. Anak patung itu kemudian berkata hanya Shanshan boleh memberi keberanian kepada dirinya. Ini menunjukkan keberanian lahir daripada keyakinan dan kemahuan sendiri.

Contoh: Seorang murid yang gementar tetap mengangkat tangan untuk membetulkan fakta yang salah.

Awas: Pilihan lain tidak disokong oleh peristiwa dalam cerita.

where courage comes from = 勇气的来源

At the end of the story Shanshan forgets the doll, yet she still tells the shop owner about the people damaging the mural. The doll later says only Shanshan can give herself courage. This shows that courage grows from your own confidence and will.

Example: A nervous pupil still raises her hand to correct a wrong fact.

Watch out: The other options are not supported by what happens in the story.

keberanian = 勇敢

Berani bermaksud tidak gentar menghadapi kesukaran dan sanggup bertindak untuk perkara yang betul, termasuk mengaku apabila diri sendiri bersalah. Kita mempertahankan maruah negara dengan melaporkan vandalisme, membetulkan salah faham dengan fakta, menghentikan khabar angin dan berkelakuan baik di peringkat antarabangsa.

Contoh: Murid melaporkan vandalisme di taman awam kepada pengawal keselamatan.

Awas: Utamakan keselamatan diri dan minta bantuan orang dewasa jika perlu.

courage = 勇敢

Being brave means not backing away from difficulty and standing up for what is right, including admitting when you are wrong. We defend our country’s dignity by reporting vandalism, correcting misunderstandings with facts, stopping rumours and behaving well at international events.

Example: A pupil reports vandalism in a public park to a security guard.

Watch out: Put your own safety first and ask an adult for help when needed.

khabar angin = 谣言

Seorang murid mendengar cerita bahawa ramai pesakit kronik mendapat komplikasi selepas menerima vaksin buatan negara kita. Rakannya mengingatkan bahawa cerita palsu boleh menjatuhkan maruah negara dan menakutkan rakyat. Peribahasa tentang tiga orang dan seekor harimau bermaksud cerita bohong yang diulang ramai orang akhirnya dipercayai.

Contoh: Saya semak laman rasmi Kementerian Kesihatan dahulu sebelum berkongsi.

Awas: Jangan kongsi mesej hanya kerana ramai orang sudah berkongsi.

rumour = 谣言

A pupil hears that many patients with chronic illness had complications after taking a vaccine developed in our country. His friend warns that false stories hurt the nation’s dignity and frighten people. The saying about three people and a tiger means that a lie repeated by many is eventually believed.

Example: I check the Health Ministry’s official site before sharing anything.

Watch out: Never forward a message just because many others already have.

semak dahulu = 先查证

Mesej tanpa sumber yang menyebut gangguan bekalan air seluruh negara mungkin palsu. Jika kita terus menyebarkannya atau memborong air, orang lain akan panik dan kedai kehabisan barang. Langkah berani dan bijak ialah menyemak kenyataan rasmi syarikat air, kemudian memberitahu keluarga hasil semakan itu.

Contoh: Laman rasmi syarikat air tidak menyebut gangguan, jadi mesej itu tidak benar.

Awas: Niat untuk membantu tetap boleh menyebarkan khabar angin.

check first = 先查证

A message with no source claiming a nationwide water cut may be false. Forwarding it or rushing to buy bottled water would spread panic and empty the shops. The brave and wise step is to check the water company’s official notice and then tell the family what you found.

Example: The water company’s website mentions no cut, so the message is untrue.

Watch out: Good intentions can still spread a rumour.

perasaan dan kesan = 感受与影响

Murid meneka perasaan watak dan membuat isyarat tangan yang sesuai. Youting menegur rakan yang menghina bendera negara lain, dan Meijia menolak ajakan keluar dari kem tanpa izin. Jika mereka berdiam diri, rakan dari negara lain akan memandang rendah murid Malaysia dan nama negara tercemar.

Contoh: Saya rasa bangga kerana mempertahankan nama baik sekolah dan negara.

Awas: Menghormati bendera negara lain juga sebahagian daripada maruah kita.

feelings and effects = 感受与影响

Pupils guess how each character feels and show it with a hand sign. Youting tells a friend that mocking another nation’s flag is wrong, and Meijia refuses to sneak out of camp without permission. If they kept silent, friends from other countries might look down on Malaysian pupils and the nation’s name would suffer.

Example: I feel proud because I protected the good name of my school and country.

Watch out: Respecting other countries’ flags is part of our own dignity too.

menolak meniru = 拒绝抄袭

Minger menyertai pertandingan esei kanak-kanak sedunia. Kawannya mencadangkan dia menyalin dua perenggan karangan orang lain, dan dia menang. Kemudian penganjur mendapati plagiat itu lalu menarik balik gelaran juara. Jika masa boleh diundur, dia patut menolak cadangan itu dan bertanding dengan kebolehan sendiri.

Contoh: Saya akan menulis sendiri walaupun mungkin tidak menang.

Awas: Menipu dalam pertandingan antarabangsa memalukan diri dan negara.

refusing to copy = 拒绝抄袭

Minger enters a world essay contest for children. A friend suggests copying two paragraphs from someone else’s work, and she wins. Later the organisers discover the plagiarism and take away her title. If time could turn back, she should refuse and compete with her own ability.

Example: I will write it myself even if I might not win.

Watch out: Cheating at an international contest shames both you and your country.

bertanding dengan jujur = 凭实力参赛

Soalan ini serupa dengan kisah Minger tetapi dalam pertandingan lukisan. Meniru sebahagian kecil atau menukar warna tetap dikira meniru karya orang lain. Jika penganjur mendapat tahu, hadiah ditarik balik dan peserta dari negara kita dipandang serong. Cara berani ialah menolak dan menggunakan idea sendiri.

Contoh: Saya melukis pemandangan Gunung Kinabalu mengikut idea saya sendiri.

Awas: Sedikit meniru tetap meniru.

competing honestly = 凭实力参赛

This question mirrors Minger’s story but in a drawing contest. Copying a small part or changing the colours is still copying someone else’s work. If the organisers find out, the prize is withdrawn and other entrants from our country are viewed with suspicion. The brave choice is to refuse and use your own idea.

Example: I draw Mount Kinabalu in my own way.

Watch out: A little copying is still copying.

pakar kecil = 勇敢小专家

Kumpulan murid berbincang tentang dua situasi. Siti gementar di pentas pertandingan gitar antarabangsa dan kemudian menolak peluang kedua kerana takut. Kanghua pula dipandang rendah apabila menawarkan diri memberi ucapan di kem, tetapi dia membuktikan kebolehannya. Pakar kecil mencadangkan cara mengatasi rasa takut demi nama negara.

Contoh: Saya akan berlatih di hadapan keluarga setiap hari supaya lebih yakin di pentas.

Awas: Kalah sekali bukan alasan untuk berhenti mencuba.

little experts = 勇敢小专家

Groups discuss two cases. Siti freezes with stage fright at an international guitar contest and later turns down a second chance out of fear. Kanghua is looked down on when he volunteers to give the camp’s opening speech, but he proves his ability on the spot. The little experts suggest ways to beat fear for the country’s sake.

Example: I will practise in front of my family every day to feel more confident on stage.

Watch out: Losing once is no reason to stop trying.

berita palsu = 假消息

Dalam aktiviti ini murid mencari maklumat tentang cara mengenal pasti berita palsu, kemudian mereka bentuk risalah dan membentangkannya. Kerajaan memperkenalkan laman Sebenarnya.my untuk menyemak kesahihan berita dan melaporkan maklumat internet yang meragukan. Orang yang bijak menghentikan khabar angin, bukan menyebarkannya.

Contoh: Risalah mengandungi tiga langkah: lihat sumber, semak tarikh, rujuk Sebenarnya.my.

Awas: Jangan letak berita palsu sebenar dalam risalah tanpa tanda bahawa ia palsu.

fake news = 假消息

In this activity pupils research how to spot fake news, then design and present a leaflet. The government promotes the Sebenarnya.my website, where people can check whether news is true and report doubtful online information. Wise people stop rumours instead of passing them on.

Example: The leaflet lists three steps: look at the source, check the date, use Sebenarnya.my.

Watch out: Never print a real fake story on the leaflet without clearly marking it false.

semakan fakta = 查证

Apabila berita menakutkan muncul di internet, kita tidak tahu sama ada ia benar. Berkongsi dahulu menyerahkan masalah kepada orang lain dan menyebarkan ketakutan, manakala menukar tajuk menjadikan keadaan lebih teruk. Laman semakan fakta rasmi membantu kita mengesahkan berita dan melaporkan maklumat palsu.

Contoh: Saya taip tajuk berita di Sebenarnya.my dan dapati ia sudah disahkan palsu.

Awas: Tajuk yang menarik perhatian tidak semestinya benar.

fact-checking = 查证

When a frightening story appears online, we cannot tell at once if it is true. Sharing first pushes the problem onto others and spreads fear, and rewriting the headline makes things worse. The official fact-checking site helps us verify news and report false information.

Example: I type the headline into Sebenarnya.my and find it has been confirmed false.

Watch out: An eye-catching headline is not necessarily true.

berani atau berdalih = 勇敢还是狡辩

Junming yakin raketnya tidak menyentuh jaring, lalu dengan sopan meminta rakaman diulang, dan pengadil mengaku tersilap. Kewan pula jelas melakukan kesalahan di depan semua orang tetapi tetap menafikannya. Mempertahankan hak dengan bukti ialah berani, tetapi menafikan kesalahan sendiri ialah berdalih dan memalukan negara.

Contoh: Bolehkah kita lihat rakaman semula? Saya pasti tidak menyentuh jaring.

Awas: Jika rakaman menunjukkan anda salah, terima keputusan dengan sopan.

brave or making excuses = 勇敢还是狡辩

Junming is sure his racket did not touch the net, so he politely asks for a video replay, and the umpire admits the mistake. Kewan clearly fouls in front of everyone yet keeps denying it. Standing up for your rights with evidence is brave, but denying your own fault is making excuses and brings shame on the country.

Example: May we watch the replay? I am sure I did not touch the net.

Watch out: If the replay shows you were wrong, accept the decision politely.

mengaku salah = 勇于认错

Dalam situasi ini rakaman sudah membuktikan bola terkena tangan Zhiwei. Jadi menafikan kesalahan atau membawa pasukan keluar padang ialah tindakan berdalih dan tidak sportif. Keberanian sebenar ialah mengakui kesalahan, meminta maaf kepada lawan dan meneruskan perlawanan dengan semangat kesukanan.

Contoh: Maaf, bola memang terkena tangan saya.

Awas: Membantah hanya wajar jika anda ada bukti bahawa keputusan itu salah.

admitting a mistake = 勇于认错

Here the replay has already proven that the ball hit Zhiwei’s hand. Denying it or leading the team off the pitch is making excuses and poor sportsmanship. Real courage means admitting the foul, apologising to the opponents and carrying on in a sporting spirit.

Example: Sorry, the ball did hit my hand.

Watch out: Protest only when you have evidence that a decision was wrong.

topi pemikir = 思考帽

Rusa kecil Youyou melancong ke luar negara dan tiga kali berkata tidak: ketika musang memperlekeh lapangan terbang negaranya, ketika beruang mahu bermain dengan benderanya, dan ketika rakannya menunggang basikal secara melulu. Murid memakai empat topi untuk membincangkan contoh, kepentingan, perasaan dan kesan.

Contoh: Topi kesan: jika kita berkelakuan buruk di luar negara, orang akan memandang rendah negara kita.

Awas: Di luar negara, kelakuan kita mewakili seluruh rakyat Malaysia.

thinking hats = 思考帽

Youyou the little deer travels abroad and says no three times: when a fox looks down on his country’s airport, when a bear wants to play with his flag, and when a friend rides a bicycle recklessly. Pupils wear four hats to discuss examples, importance, feelings and effects.

Example: Effect hat: if we behave badly overseas, people will think less of our country.

Watch out: Abroad, our behaviour represents every Malaysian.

menegur di luar negara = 在国外劝阻

Mengukir nama pada dinding bangunan bersejarah ialah vandalisme dan menyalahi undang-undang negara itu. Membantu berjaga atau hanya mengambil gambar bermakna kita membiarkan kesalahan berlaku. Tindakan berani ialah menegur rakan dengan segera dan menerangkan bahawa perbuatan itu akan memalukan pasukan dan negara.

Contoh: Jangan ukir; orang akan kata pelajar Malaysia tidak menghormati warisan mereka.

Awas: Jika rakan tidak mendengar, beritahu guru pengiring dengan segera.

speaking up abroad = 在国外劝阻

Carving a name into a historic wall is vandalism and breaks that country’s law. Keeping watch or just taking photos lets the wrong happen. The brave action is to stop the friend at once and explain that it would shame the orchestra and the nation.

Example: Do not carve it; people will say Malaysian students do not respect their heritage.

Watch out: If the friend will not listen, tell the accompanying teacher immediately.

ringkasan unit = 本课小结

Unit ini menerangkan keberanian mempertahankan maruah negara: membetulkan salah faham dengan fakta, melaporkan vandalisme, menghentikan berita palsu, bertanding dengan jujur dan berkelakuan baik di luar negara. Kisah Shanshan menunjukkan keberanian lahir daripada hati sendiri, manakala kisah dua atlet membezakan berani daripada berdalih.

Contoh: Jika masih keliru antara berani dan berdalih, ulang skrin pemilihan pahlawan kecil.

Awas: Dalam latihan, pilih tindakan yang berani tetapi tenang, sopan dan selamat.

unit summary = 本课小结

This unit explains the courage to defend our nation’s dignity: correcting misunderstandings with facts, reporting vandalism, stopping fake news, competing honestly and behaving well abroad. Shanshan’s story shows courage comes from within, while the two athletes show the difference between bravery and excuses.

Example: If brave versus making excuses still confuses you, revisit the little warrior selection screen.

Watch out: In the practice, choose actions that are brave yet calm, polite and safe.