rajin = 勤勉

Halaman pembukaan memperkenalkan empat rakyat Malaysia yang berjaya dalam bidang berbeza: tarian singa atas tiang, sukan paralimpik, gendang dua puluh empat musim dan kejuruteraan. Kejayaan mereka datang daripada latihan bertahun-tahun, tidak berputus asa apabila gagal dan sentiasa memperbaiki kemahiran. Tajuk unit bermaksud mendayung perahu melawan arus.

Contoh: Seorang atlet paralimpik berlatih setiap hari walaupun menghadapi kekangan fizikal.

Awas: Rajin bukan sekali sahaja; ia usaha yang berterusan.

diligence = 勤勉

The opening page introduces four Malaysians who shine in different fields: lion dance on high poles, Paralympic sport, the twenty-four festive drums and engineering. Their success comes from years of practice, refusing to quit after failure and always improving their skills. The unit title means rowing a boat against the current.

Example: A Paralympic athlete trains every day despite physical limits.

Watch out: Diligence is not a one-time effort; it keeps going.

tidak maju bererti mundur = 不进则退

Peribahasa ini membandingkan belajar dengan mendayung perahu melawan arus. Jika kita berhenti mendayung, perahu akan hanyut ke belakang. Begitu juga dengan pelajaran: murid yang berhenti mengulang kaji selepas mendapat markah tinggi akan lupa apa yang dipelajari. Pilihan lain tidak berkaitan dengan berhenti berusaha.

Contoh: Zhiming berhenti membaca selepas peperiksaan dan markahnya jatuh pada ujian seterusnya.

Awas: Membantu ibu dan membawa payung ialah sikap baik, tetapi bukan tentang terus belajar.

stop and you slip back = 不进则退

This saying compares learning to rowing a boat against the current. If you stop rowing, the boat drifts backwards. Learning is the same: a pupil who stops revising after a high score will forget what he learned. The other options have nothing to do with stopping one’s effort.

Example: Zhiming stops reading after the exam, and his mark drops in the next test.

Watch out: Helping Mum and carrying an umbrella are good habits, but not about continuing to learn.

teladan usahawan = 企业家榜样

Pencerita membaca kisah usahawan Robert Kuok yang digelar raja gula Asia dan raja hotel. Beliau percaya kejayaannya hampir sembilan puluh peratus datang daripada kerja keras, ditambah kebijaksanaan mengumpul maklumat perniagaan dan merebut peluang. Terinspirasi, pencerita berlatih piano tiga jam sehari dan memenangi hadiah saguhati antarabangsa.

Contoh: Apabila buntu, pencerita membaca semula kata-kata Robert Kuok untuk terus bersemangat.

Awas: Kejayaan pencerita datang daripada disiplin harian, bukan nasib.

a business role model = 企业家榜样

The narrator reads about the businessman Robert Kuok, known as Asia’s sugar king and hotel king. He believed about ninety per cent of his success came from hard work, plus the wisdom to gather business information and seize chances. Inspired, the narrator practises piano three hours a day and wins a consolation prize abroad.

Example: When stuck, the narrator rereads Robert Kuok’s words to stay motivated.

Watch out: The narrator’s success comes from daily discipline, not luck.

mengatasi kebuntuan = 突破瓶颈

Setiap orang yang rajin akan sampai ke tahap sukar apabila kemajuan terasa perlahan. Pencerita tidak berhenti atau menukar alat muzik. Dia membaca semula kata-kata semangat usahawan yang dikaguminya dan bertanya kepada guru piano tentang bahagian yang perlu diperbaiki, lalu terus berlatih.

Contoh: Murid yang lemah dalam pecahan meminta guru menunjukkan kesilapannya dan berlatih lagi.

Awas: Rehat sebentar boleh membantu, tetapi berhenti terus bukan cara mengatasi kebuntuan.

breaking through a plateau = 突破瓶颈

Every hard worker reaches a stage where progress feels slow. The narrator does not stop or switch instruments. She rereads the encouraging words of the businessman she admires and asks her piano teacher which parts need improving, then keeps practising.

Example: A pupil who is weak in fractions asks the teacher to show her mistakes and practises again.

Watch out: A short rest can help, but quitting is not a way past a plateau.

maksud rajin = 勤勉的意思

Rajin bermaksud bekerja dengan bersungguh-sungguh, teliti dan tekun, sanggup meluangkan masa untuk melakukan sesuatu dengan baik serta tidak berputus asa apabila menghadapi kesukaran. Rakyat yang rajin melahirkan bakat dalam pelbagai bidang, mengharumkan nama negara dan memajukan ekonomi.

Contoh: Murid membuat jadual harian dan berlatih menulis karangan setiap petang.

Awas: Rajin juga bermaksud berehat secukupnya supaya boleh terus berusaha.

what diligence means = 勤勉的意思

Diligence means working earnestly, carefully and steadily, being willing to spend time doing things well and not giving up when difficulties come. Diligent citizens produce talent in many fields, bring honour to the country and help the economy grow.

Example: A pupil keeps a daily timetable and practises essay writing every afternoon.

Watch out: Being diligent also means resting enough so you can keep going.

tokoh teladan = 典范人物

Murid mencari maklumat daripada internet, akhbar, majalah dan guru tentang tokoh yang mengharumkan nama Malaysia, kemudian membuat peta minda. Contoh dalam buku termasuk Michelle Yeoh dalam bidang lakonan, Ananda Krishnan dalam perniagaan, P. Ramlee dalam filem dan muzik, serta Usman Awang dalam kesusasteraan.

Contoh: Peta minda menyenaraikan nama tokoh, bidangnya dan satu contoh usaha gigihnya.

Awas: Pastikan maklumat tentang tokoh diambil daripada sumber yang boleh dipercayai.

role models = 典范人物

Pupils gather information from the internet, newspapers, magazines and teachers about people who have brought honour to Malaysia, then build a mind map. Examples in the book include Michelle Yeoh in acting, Ananda Krishnan in business, P. Ramlee in film and music, and Usman Awang in literature.

Example: The mind map lists each person’s name, field and one example of hard work.

Watch out: Make sure information about each person comes from reliable sources.

berlatih hingga sempurna = 练习直至完美

Pandelela Rinong dipilih sebagai atlet muda ketika berumur lapan tahun. Selepas setahun berlatih renang, dia dipilih menjadi penerjun. Setiap hari dia tiba di kolam tepat jam satu setengah petang dan berlatih hingga tujuh setengah malam. Seorang murid meniru semangat ini semasa bersedia untuk pertandingan melukis antarabangsa.

Contoh: Murid itu melukis satu lakaran tambahan setiap hari dan membetulkan kelemahan yang ditunjukkan guru.

Awas: Latihan yang panjang perlu disertai makan dan tidur yang cukup.

practise until perfect = 练习直至完美

Pandelela Rinong was picked as a young athlete at eight. After a year of swimming training, she was chosen as a diver. Every day she arrived at the pool at half past one and trained until half past seven in the evening. A pupil copies this spirit while preparing for an international drawing contest.

Example: The pupil draws one extra sketch daily and fixes each weakness the teacher points out.

Watch out: Long training must go with enough food and sleep.

latihan berjadual = 定时练习

Alif ada sebulan sebelum pertandingan ejaan peringkat kebangsaan. Belajar sepanjang malam sebelum pertandingan memenatkan dan tidak berkesan, manakala menunggu senarai peserta membuang masa. Cara rajin ialah mengulang kaji pada waktu tetap setiap hari dan meminta guru mengujinya supaya kelemahan dapat dibaiki awal.

Contoh: Alif belajar dua puluh perkataan baharu setiap petang dan diuji oleh guru pada hari Jumaat.

Awas: Usaha saat akhir bukan tanda rajin.

scheduled practice = 定时练习

Alif has a month before a national spelling contest. Studying all night before the contest is tiring and ineffective, and waiting for the entry list wastes time. The diligent way is to revise at a fixed time every day and ask the teacher to test him so weaknesses are fixed early.

Example: Alif learns twenty new words each afternoon and is tested by the teacher on Fridays.

Watch out: Last-minute cramming is not a sign of diligence.

sentiasa bersedia = 随时做好准备

Wenni mahu menjadi penari utama dalam persembahan balet untuk menyambut seorang puteri asing, tetapi pada hari pemilihan dia pening dan hanya dipilih sebagai simpanan. Dia tidak merajuk. Dia hadir ke setiap latihan dan terus berlatih langkah penari utama. Apabila penari utama terseliuh, Wenni menggantikannya dengan cemerlang.

Contoh: Pemain simpanan bola sepak tetap berlatih bersungguh-sungguh supaya bersedia apabila dipanggil.

Awas: Kecewa itu biasa, tetapi jangan biarkan ia menghentikan latihan.

always being ready = 随时做好准备

Wenni wants to be the lead dancer in a ballet to welcome a foreign princess, but on selection day she feels dizzy and is only chosen as a reserve. She does not sulk. She attends every rehearsal and keeps practising the lead dancer’s steps. When the lead dancer sprains her ankle, Wenni replaces her brilliantly.

Example: A reserve footballer still trains hard so he is ready when called.

Watch out: Feeling disappointed is normal, but do not let it stop your practice.

ahli simpanan yang rajin = 勤勉的候补

Seperti Wenni, Shiqi hanya dipilih sebagai ahli simpanan koir. Ponteng latihan atau keluar daripada koir menunjukkan dia berputus asa. Cara rajin ialah hadir ke setiap latihan dan menghafal lagu dengan baik, supaya dia boleh menggantikan sesiapa yang tidak dapat membuat persembahan.

Contoh: Pada hari pertandingan, seorang penyanyi demam dan Shiqi terus mengambil tempatnya.

Awas: Peranan kecil tetap penting kepada pasukan.

a diligent reserve = 勤勉的候补

Like Wenni, Shiqi is only picked as a reserve in the choir. Skipping practice or leaving the choir would show she has given up. The diligent way is to attend every rehearsal and learn the songs well, so she can step in for anyone who cannot perform.

Example: On contest day a singer has a fever, and Shiqi takes her place at once.

Watch out: A small role still matters to the team.

tidak berputus asa = 坚持不懈

Li Chengshun berlatih ping pong sejak kecil tetapi gagal dalam pemilihan pasukan kebangsaan kerana tahap kecergasan fizikalnya. Dia tidak berputus asa, terus berlatih di kampung dan menyertai pertandingan untuk menimba pengalaman. Bakat dan usahanya menarik perhatian jurulatih Jamil, yang akhirnya mengundi untuk memasukkannya ke pasukan kebangsaan.

Contoh: Selepas gagal, dia menambah latihan kecergasan setiap pagi.

Awas: Gagal sekali bukan pengakhiran; ia peluang untuk tahu apa yang perlu dibaiki.

never giving up = 坚持不懈

Li Chengshun trained in table tennis from childhood but missed out on the national team because of his physical fitness. He did not give up, kept training in his hometown and entered competitions to gain experience. His talent and effort impressed coach Jamil, who finally voted to bring him into the national team.

Example: After failing, he added fitness training every morning.

Watch out: Failing once is not the end; it shows what you need to improve.

peta minda = 思维导图

Murid melengkapkan peta minda tentang tiga tokoh dengan dua cabang: cara mereka rajin dan kepentingannya kepada negara. Contohnya, tokoh pendidikan Shen Muyu membuka sekolah pagi dan malam serta datang ke sekolah setiap hari walaupun hujan atau ribut, sekali gus melahirkan bakat untuk negara.

Contoh: Cabang kepentingan bagi pemain badminton negara: mengharumkan nama Malaysia dan memberi inspirasi kepada belia.

Awas: Cari fakta tentang tokoh daripada sumber yang betul sebelum menulis.

mind map = 思维导图

Pupils complete a mind map on three figures with two branches: how they worked diligently and why it matters to the country. For example, the educator Shen Muyu ran morning and night classes and came to school every day, rain or shine, helping to nurture talent for the nation.

Example: Importance branch for the national badminton player: bringing honour to Malaysia and inspiring young people.

Watch out: Find facts about each figure from proper sources before writing.

belajar daripada kegagalan = 从失败中学习

Projek sains Shuyi gagal beberapa kali. Menganggap diri tidak berbakat ialah sikap mudah berputus asa, manakala meminta abang membuatnya bermaksud hasil itu bukan usaha sendiri. Orang yang rajin mencari punca kegagalan, membuat penambahbaikan dan mencuba lagi.

Contoh: Shuyi mendapati wayar terlalu longgar, lalu menyambungnya semula dan ujikaji berjaya.

Awas: Meminta nasihat tidak salah, tetapi kerja itu mesti dibuat sendiri.

learning from failure = 从失败中学习

Shuyi’s science fair project has failed several times. Deciding she has no talent is giving up too easily, and asking her brother to make it means the result is not her own effort. A diligent person finds the cause of failure, improves the work and tries again.

Example: Shuyi finds a loose wire, reconnects it and the experiment works.

Watch out: Asking for advice is fine, but the work must be her own.

usahawan cilik = 小小创业家

Murid menjalankan perniagaan kecil dalam empat langkah: mencari idea, berbincang dan merancang, menyelidik dan membuat produk, kemudian menjual dan mengurus. Mereka mendapati kanak-kanak mahukan anak patung yang unik. Selepas dua puluh percubaan yang belum memuaskan, mereka tetap tidak putus asa dan terus memperbaiki rekaan.

Contoh: Percubaan kedua puluh satu menggunakan kain yang lebih lembut dan jahitan yang lebih kemas.

Awas: Usahawan rajin bukan sahaja menjual, tetapi terus mendengar maklum balas pelanggan.

young entrepreneurs = 小小创业家

Pupils run a small business in four steps: finding an idea, discussing and planning, researching and making the product, then selling and managing. They notice that children want unique dolls. After twenty attempts that are still not good enough, they refuse to give up and keep improving the design.

Example: The twenty-first attempt uses softer cloth and neater stitching.

Watch out: Diligent entrepreneurs do not only sell; they keep listening to customer feedback.

berita murid berjaya = 小学生争光新闻

Murid mengumpul berita tentang kanak-kanak Malaysia yang berjaya. Seorang murid berumur dua belas tahun dari Pulau Pinang mendapat tempat kedua kategori bawah dua belas tahun dalam cabaran reka bentuk tandas di bulan anjuran NASA kerana rajin mempelajari astronomi. Enam murid lain mencapai keputusan cemerlang dalam olimpiad matematik antarabangsa.

Contoh: Dia belajar astronomi melalui buku, laman web dan video sains.

Awas: Kejayaan dalam berita juga melalui banyak kegagalan yang tidak dilaporkan.

news of young achievers = 小学生争光新闻

Pupils collect news about successful Malaysian children. A twelve-year-old from Penang placed second in the under-twelve category of a NASA lunar toilet design challenge because he studied astronomy tirelessly. Six other pupils achieved excellent results at an international mathematics olympiad.

Example: He learned astronomy through books, websites and science videos.

Watch out: Success in the news also hides many failures that were never reported.

wartawan cilik = 校园小记者

Murid mereka bentuk soal selidik dan menemu bual seseorang yang menyumbang kepada negara melalui telefon, e-mel atau secara bersemuka. Soalan bertanya tentang bidang sumbangan, usaha yang dilakukan, kepentingan hasilnya kepada negara dan perasaan selepas berjaya. Buku memberi contoh pelajar enam belas tahun yang menjadi naib johan olimpiad robotik antarabangsa.

Contoh: Soalan kedua: Apakah usaha yang anda lakukan setiap hari untuk berjaya.

Awas: Minta izin sebelum merakam atau mengambil gambar orang yang ditemu bual.

school reporter = 校园小记者

Pupils design a questionnaire and interview someone who contributes to the nation, by phone, email or in person. The questions cover the field of contribution, the effort made, why the result matters to the country and how the person felt afterwards. The book’s example is a sixteen-year-old runner-up at an international robotics olympiad.

Example: Question two: What effort did you make every day to succeed.

Watch out: Ask permission before recording or photographing the person you interview.

soalan temu bual = 采访问题

Tujuan temu bual ini ialah mengetahui usaha gigih orang yang menyumbang kepada masyarakat. Soalan tentang cara dia menyiapkan kawasan yang luas setiap hari menunjukkan kerajinannya. Soalan tentang alamat rumah terlalu peribadi, manakala makanan kegemaran tidak berkaitan dengan usaha.

Contoh: Mak cik mula menyapu pada pukul lima pagi dan membahagikan kawasan kepada tiga bahagian.

Awas: Elakkan soalan peribadi yang boleh membuat orang rasa tidak selesa.

interview questions = 采访问题

The aim of this interview is to learn about the hard work of someone who serves the community. Asking how she manages to clean such a large area every day reveals her diligence. Her home address is too personal, and her favourite food has nothing to do with her effort.

Example: She starts sweeping at five in the morning and splits the area into three parts.

Watch out: Avoid personal questions that may make people uncomfortable.

ringkasan unit = 本课小结

Unit ini menunjukkan bahawa kerajinan seperti mendayung melawan arus: berhenti berusaha bermakna mundur. Kisah usahawan, penerjun, penari balet, pemain ping pong dan murid-murid berjaya menunjukkan cara rajin, iaitu berlatih mengikut jadual, belajar daripada kegagalan, meminta tunjuk ajar dan sentiasa bersedia untuk menyumbang kepada negara.

Contoh: Jika masih keliru tentang sikap ahli simpanan, ulang skrin kisah penari balet.

Awas: Dalam latihan, pilih tindakan yang berterusan dan bukan usaha saat akhir.

unit summary = 本课小结

This unit shows that diligence is like rowing against the current: stop trying and you slip back. Stories of a businessman, a diver, a ballet dancer, a table tennis player and young achievers show how to be diligent: practise on a schedule, learn from failure, ask for guidance and always be ready to serve the country.

Example: If the reserve’s attitude still confuses you, revisit the ballet dancer screen.

Watch out: In the practice, choose steady effort rather than last-minute work.